In engineering, Constant Pressure Gas Turbine Plants are subclassified as open cycle and closed cycle plant.There are some main advantages of Closed Cycle Gas Turbine,which is as below.
1)For a given output the size of the Compressor and the Turbine are very small.This is all happened due to Low Specific Volume of Air which enters into Compressor,as Air is precooled in Precooler.Also the Pressure at the inlet to the Compressor can be kept well above the Atmospheric and maintained around the whole cycle.
2)There is no Corrosion and Accumulation of Deposits of Carbon or Tar on the Blade and Nozzles of the Turbine.No internal cleaning required.
3)Any Fuel of High Calorific Value may be used,as the products of combustion do not mix with the working fluid.
4)By making an Inert Gas like Helium as the working medium,use can be made for materials in the Turbine Design,like Molybdenum Alloys.This has High Stress Properties at elevated Temperature above 1000 degree centigrade.By such means the Turbine Plant efficiency at over 50% can be achieved.
5)The waste Heat of the Combustion Gases from the Heat and Reheaters can be further used for Heating Water.This can be used for Hot Water supply for Industrial or Domestic purpose.
There are some other advantages also,but above are the most prominent advantages of Closed Cycle Gas Turbine.
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Wednesday
The Effect Of Intercooling And Reheating On Gas Turbine Plant.
The compression of Air can be done by two stages in Air compressor.In this process,the Temperature of Air increases in Low Pressure Compressor.
An Intercooler is employed when High Pressure ratios are involved,to cool the air from Low Pressure Compressor before entry into the High Pressure Compressor.
The Effect of Intercooling will shown by reducing the overall Horse Power required for Compression.Though the Intercooler reduces the Compression Work, there is some pressure loss also as the effect of Intercooling.But even then it contributes towards overall economy.
The Air-Fuel ratio in a Gas Turbine is quite high.Therefore,the products of Combustion Exhausted after expansion in the High Pressure Turbine are still rich in Oxygen and are subjected to Combustion once again in the Second Combustion Chamber just before the entry into the Low Pressure Turbine.
The Temperature attained by the air after Reheating is same as that before entry into the High Pressure Turbine.The Compressor may be driven by the Power from High Pressure or Low Pressure Turbine.
By employing Heat Exchanger,Intercooler and Reheaters,we can achieve some gain in the overall efficiency of Gas Turbine Plant.At the same time it will also increased the weight of the plant and overall cost.
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An Intercooler is employed when High Pressure ratios are involved,to cool the air from Low Pressure Compressor before entry into the High Pressure Compressor.
The Effect of Intercooling will shown by reducing the overall Horse Power required for Compression.Though the Intercooler reduces the Compression Work, there is some pressure loss also as the effect of Intercooling.But even then it contributes towards overall economy.
The Air-Fuel ratio in a Gas Turbine is quite high.Therefore,the products of Combustion Exhausted after expansion in the High Pressure Turbine are still rich in Oxygen and are subjected to Combustion once again in the Second Combustion Chamber just before the entry into the Low Pressure Turbine.
The Temperature attained by the air after Reheating is same as that before entry into the High Pressure Turbine.The Compressor may be driven by the Power from High Pressure or Low Pressure Turbine.
By employing Heat Exchanger,Intercooler and Reheaters,we can achieve some gain in the overall efficiency of Gas Turbine Plant.At the same time it will also increased the weight of the plant and overall cost.
You may also interested in following..............
How Constant Pressure Gas Turbine Works?
Which Air Compressor You Can Use In Gas Turbine Power Plant?
5 Main Advantages Of Gas Turbine Over Steam Turbine.
Tuesday
How Constant Pressure Gas Turbine Works?
In engineering, Gas Turbine can be divided into two main types.
01)Constant Volume or Explosive Type.
02)Constant pressure or Continuous Combustion Type.
The Constant Volume Type Turbine works on the Atkinson Cycle.It has become now outdated and has been superseded by the Constant Pressure Type Gas Turbine.The details about,is as below.
The Combustion of Fuel takes place continuously that is why it is called Continuous Combustion Type Gas Turbine.It works on Joule Cycle.
A Compressed Air up to Pressure 1.5 to 4 kilogram per centimeter square is supplied to the Combustion Chamber where it is split into two parts.
Some of the Compressed Air enters the Burner and is consumed during the Combustion of Oil while the remaining Air flows through the Annular Space between the walls of Combustion and Mixing Chamber and the Jacket of the Burner from which some Heat is absorbed by the Air.This Hot Air then meets and mixes with the Hot Gases from the Burner.
So it is clear that the quantity of Compressed Air supplied by the Compressor for the Combustion of Oil in the Combustion Chamber is excess than required.
The supply of excess air lowers the Temperature of the products of Combustion from the Burner.There is always a possibility of damage of Blades and other components of Gas Turbine due to very High Temperature.
By the excess Air the Temperature of the products of combustion may be lowered to about 600 to 800 degree centigrade.
As this mixture of Hot Gases and the excess Air passes over the various Rings of Moving Blades of the Turbine,it expands continuously and in the process the Pressure drops giving rise to an equivalent increase in the Kinetic Energy which is absorbed by the Turbine Rotor which is therefore imparting Rotary Motion.The Gases lives the Turbine at about Atmospheric Pressure.
The Turbine Drives the Compressor and the Generator.The part of the Turbine output which is used to drive the Air Compressor is called "Back Work".
To drive the Plant Generator only 25% of Power is available,because remaining 75% Power developed by Gas Turbine is consume by Air Compressor.
The Safety Valve is open and passes some mixture for lowering the Pressure if the Pressure of Hot Gases to the Turbine becomes excessive.The Speed of Turbine can be kept below a certain maximum value by proper design of Safety Valve.
The Motor is used for starting the Turbine.The Speed can be controlled by varying the supply of Fuel Oil.
I hope,this will give you some knowledge about working of Gas Turbine.
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01)Constant Volume or Explosive Type.
02)Constant pressure or Continuous Combustion Type.
The Constant Volume Type Turbine works on the Atkinson Cycle.It has become now outdated and has been superseded by the Constant Pressure Type Gas Turbine.The details about,is as below.
The Combustion of Fuel takes place continuously that is why it is called Continuous Combustion Type Gas Turbine.It works on Joule Cycle.
A Compressed Air up to Pressure 1.5 to 4 kilogram per centimeter square is supplied to the Combustion Chamber where it is split into two parts.
Some of the Compressed Air enters the Burner and is consumed during the Combustion of Oil while the remaining Air flows through the Annular Space between the walls of Combustion and Mixing Chamber and the Jacket of the Burner from which some Heat is absorbed by the Air.This Hot Air then meets and mixes with the Hot Gases from the Burner.
So it is clear that the quantity of Compressed Air supplied by the Compressor for the Combustion of Oil in the Combustion Chamber is excess than required.
The supply of excess air lowers the Temperature of the products of Combustion from the Burner.There is always a possibility of damage of Blades and other components of Gas Turbine due to very High Temperature.
By the excess Air the Temperature of the products of combustion may be lowered to about 600 to 800 degree centigrade.
As this mixture of Hot Gases and the excess Air passes over the various Rings of Moving Blades of the Turbine,it expands continuously and in the process the Pressure drops giving rise to an equivalent increase in the Kinetic Energy which is absorbed by the Turbine Rotor which is therefore imparting Rotary Motion.The Gases lives the Turbine at about Atmospheric Pressure.
The Turbine Drives the Compressor and the Generator.The part of the Turbine output which is used to drive the Air Compressor is called "Back Work".
To drive the Plant Generator only 25% of Power is available,because remaining 75% Power developed by Gas Turbine is consume by Air Compressor.
The Safety Valve is open and passes some mixture for lowering the Pressure if the Pressure of Hot Gases to the Turbine becomes excessive.The Speed of Turbine can be kept below a certain maximum value by proper design of Safety Valve.
The Motor is used for starting the Turbine.The Speed can be controlled by varying the supply of Fuel Oil.
I hope,this will give you some knowledge about working of Gas Turbine.
You may also interested in following......................
Which Air Compressor You Can Use In Gas Turbine Power Plant?
5 Main Advantages Of Gas Turbine Over Steam Turbine.
Why Gas Turbine is better than Internal Combustion Engine?
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